This mentioned taxonomy is an attempt to make an conclusive assignment from the different classifications of various scientists. Because the taxonomy may change due to the latest investigative methods and other findings, our map is a guide only.
Name from
Corresponding author (Name, Year)
Blainville, 1816
Other languages
German
Käferschnecken
scientific
Polyplacophora
Alternative Name
scientific
Amphineura
Ref.: G. C. Martin. 1904. Amphineura. Maryland Geological Survey Miocene(Text):270-271
Lebenszeitraum in Million Jahren (Ma)
Start age: 251.902 Ma - End age: 0 Ma
0
0.0117
1.8
5.333
13.82
23.03
37.71
56
66
86.3
100.5
125.77
145
161.5
170.9
189.6
208.5
242
251.902
Start age: 513 Ma - End age: 251.902 Ma
251.902
264.28
283.5
298.9
315.2
346.7
382.7
407.6
423
430.5
440.8
453
470
489.5
500.5
514
Reference- and Source indication, Literature
Automatic Links to external internet sources (Responsibility is with the operator)
P. J. Wagner, 2020 - Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database (2006 - 2020) - (), - (compendium, English)
A. J. W. Hendy, 2020 - Unpublished taxonomic backbone for Eastern Pacific Invertebrate Communities of the Cenozoic (EPICC) Thematic Collections Network - (), - (unpublished, English)
J. S. Peel, 2020 - The oldest palaeoloricate mollusc (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4; North Greenland) and its bearing on aculiferan evolution - Bulletin of Geosciences (95), 127-144 (journal article, English)
F. Hybertsen, 2018 - A middle Eocene seep deposit with silicified fauna from the Humptulips Formation in western Washington State, USA - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (63), 751-768 (journal article, English)
B. Dell'Angelo, 2014 - Polyplacophora from the Eocene of Gánt, Hungary - Bulletin of Geosciences (90), 359-370 (journal article, English)
J. Vinther, 2012 - The origin of multiplacophorans – convergent evolution in Aculiferan molluscs - Palaeontology (55), 1007-1019 (journal article, English)
B. Dell’Angelo, 2012 - Notes on fossil chitons. 4. Polyplacophora from the Pliocene of Altavilla (NW Sicily) - Bollettino Malacologico (48), 51-68 (journal article, English)
B. Dell'Angelo, 2011 - Chitons (Polyplacophora) from Paleogene Strata in Western Washington State, U.S.A. - Journal of Paleontology (85), 936-954 (journal article, English)
J., Jr. Pojeta, 2010 - Upper Cambrian chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) from Missouri, USA - Bulletins of American Paleontology (), 1-182 (serial monograph, English)
W. Kiessling, 2009 - Taxonomic vetting of messy data in the Paleobiology Database - (), - (unpublished, English)
A. J. W. Hendy, 2008 - Unpublished census data from Atlantic coastal plain and circum-Caribbean Neogene assemblages and taxonomic opinions - (), - (unpublished, English)
R. Hoare, 2008 - Permian Polyplacophora (Mollusa) from the Akasaka Limestone, Gifu, Japan - Paleontological Research (12), 321-327 (journal article, English)
M. M. Rivadeneira, 2008 - A Late Pleistocene macrobenthic assemblage in Caleta Patillos, northern Chile: paleoecological and paleobiogeographical interpretations - Revista Geologica de Chile (35), 163-173 (journal article, English)
R. Marquet, 2008 - The molluscan fauna of the Borgloon Formation in Belgium (Rupelian, Early Oligocene) - Palaeontos (12), 1-99 (serial monograph, English)
A. J. W. Hendy, 2007 - Circum-Pacific Late Cenozoic Paleobiogeography: Consideration of latitudinal gradients, provincialism and beta diversity (Unpublished taxonomic opinions) - (), - (unpublished, English)
J., Jr. Pojeta, 2007 - Dycheia shergoldi, a new genus and species of Late Cambrian multivalved mollusc from Oklahoma, U.S.A. - Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir (34), 489-497 (journal article, English)
G. Giribet, 2006 - Evidence for a clade composed of molluscs with serially repeated structures: monoplacophorans are related to chitons - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (103), 7723-7728 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2006 - Ordovician Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from North America - (80), 1-27 (journal article, English)
E. Schwabe, 2006 - Chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) from Rapa, the southernmost island of Polynesia - Zoosystema (28), 617-633 (journal article, English)
G. Rosenberg, 2005 - Malacolog 4.0: A database of Western Atlantic marine Mollusca - [WWW database (version 4.1.0)] URL http://data.acnatsci.org/wasp (), - (unpublished, English)
J., Jr. Pojeta, 2005 - Matthevia (Polyplacophora) invades the Ordovician: the first reported post-Cambrian occurrence - Journal of Paleontology (79), 1021-1027 (journal article, English)
P. C. Zalvide, 2004 - Two new species of Leptochiton Gray, 1847 (Polyplacophora) from the Iberian Peninsula (eastern Atlantic Coast) - The Nautilus (118), 144-151 (journal article, English)
M. J. Vendrasco, 2004 - Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician stem group chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Utah and Missouri - Journal of Paleontology (78), 675-689 (journal article, English)
L. Cherns, 2004 - Palaeozoic diversification of chitons (Polyplacophora, Mollusca) based on new data from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden - Lethaia (37), 445-456 (journal article, English)
M. J. Vendrasco, 2004 - Articulated Paleozoic fossil with 17 plates greatly expands disparity of early chitons - Nature (429), 288-290 (journal article, English)
J., Jr. Pojeta, 2003 - Echinociton dufoei: a new spiny Ordovician chiton - Journal of Paleontology (77), 646-654 (journal article, English)
J. J. Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 - A compendium of fossil marine animal genera - Bulletins of American Paleontology (363), 1-560 (serial monograph, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2002 - New genera of Paleozoic Polyplacophora (Mollusca) - Journal of Paleontology (76), 570-573 (journal article, English)
G. M. Branch, 2002 - Two Oceans - (), - (book, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2002 - Permian Polyplacophra (Mollusca) from Nevada, Utah, and Arizona - Journal of Paleontology (76), 256-264 (journal article, English)
A. Wells, 2001 - - Zoological Catalogue of Australia: Mollusca (17), - (serial monograph, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2000 - Considerations on Paleozoic Polyplacophora including the description of Palsiochiton curiosus n. gen. and sp. - American Malacological Bulletin (15), 131-137 (journal article, )
R. D. Hoare, 2000 - New Permian Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from Malaysia - Jounral of Paleontology (74), 571-574 (, )
R. A. Hanger, 2000 - Permian Polyplacophora, Rostroconchia, and problematica from Oregon - Journal of Paleontology (74), 192-198 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2000 - New data on the genus Diadeloplax Hoare and Mapes, 1995 - Journal of Paleontology (74), 976-978 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 2000 - Silurian Polyplacophora and Rostroconchia (Mollusca) from Northern California - Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (52), 23-31 (journal article, )
R. D. Hoare, 2000 - Lower Permian polyplacophora (Mollusca) from Argentina - Journal of Paleontology (74), 189-191 (journal article, English)
L. Cherns, 1998 - Chelodes and closely related Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden - Palaeontology (41), 545-573 (journal article, English)
P. L. Beesley, 1998 - Mollusca: the southern synthesis - Fauna of Australia (5), - (serial monograph, English)
L. Cherns, 1998 - Silurian polyplacophoran molluscs from Gotland, Sweden - Palaeontology (41), 23-31 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 1995 - Relationships of the Devonian Strobilepis and related Pennsylvanian problematica - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (40), 111-128 (journal article, English)
B.L. Stinchcomb, 1995 - Some molluscan problematica from the Upper Cambrian - Lower Ordovician of the Ozark uplift - Journal of Paleontology (69), 52-65 (journal article, English)
R. L. Squires, 1995 - An extant species of Leptochiton (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) in Eocene and Oligocene cold-seep limestones, Olympic Peninsula, Washington - The Veliger (38), 47-53 (journal article, English)
J.-M. Pacaud, 1995 - Révision des Mollusques Paléogénes du Bassin de Paris. IV - Liste systématique actualisée - Cossmanniana (3), 155-187 (journal article, English)
K. C.. Vaught, 1989 - - A classification of the living Mollusca (), 1-195 (book/book chapter, English)
U. Fiedel, 1988 - Ischnochiton marloffsteinensis n. sp., eine Polyplacophore aus dem fränkischen Lias - Palaeontologische Zeitschrift (62), 49-58 (journal article, German)
R. D. Hoare, 1985 - A new species of Pennsylvanian Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from Texas. - Journal of Paleontology (59), 1324-1326 (journal article, )
R. D. Hoare, 1984 - Permian Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from west Texas - Journal of Paleontology (58), 82-103 (journal article, English)
M. D. Debrock, 1984 - Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) polyplacophora (Mollusca) from Texas - Journal of Paleontology (58), 1117-1135 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 1983 - Pennsylvanian Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from Oklahoma and Texas - Journal of Paleontology (57), 992-1000 (journal article, English)
B. Runnegar, 1979 - New species of the Cambrian and Ordovician chitons Matthevia and Chelodes from Wisconsin and Queensland: evidence for the early history of polyplacophoran mollusks - Journal of Paleontology (53), 1374-1394 (journal article, English)
A. G. Smith, 1976 - Two new Permian chitons from west Texas (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) - The Veliger (18), 281-288 (journal article, )
R. D. Hoare, 1976 - Arcochiton raymondi n. gen., n. sp. of polyplacophoran from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio - Journal of Paleontology (50), 841-845 (journal article, English)
R. T. Abbott, 1974 - - American Seashells: The marine Mollusca of the Alantic and Pacific coasts of North America (), 1-663 (book, English)
A. G. Smith, 1973 - Fossil chitons from the Mesozoic - A checklist and bibliography - Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences (103), 1-30 (journal article, English)
R. D. Hoare, 1972 - Middle Pennsylvanian (Allegheny Group) Polyplacophora from Ohio - Journal of Paleontology (46), 675-680 (journal article, English)
E. L. Yochelson, 1971 - The Permian nautiloid mandible Rhynchoteuthis kaibabensis reinterpreted as a polyplacophoran - Journal of Paleontology (45), 130-133 (journal article, English)
H. S. Ladd, 1966 - Chitons and Gastropods (Haliotidae through Adeorbidae) from Western Pacific Islands - United States Geological Survey Professional Paper (531), 1-98 (serial monograph, English)
A. G. Smith, 1964 - Chitons from the Kindblade Formation (Lower Ordovician), Arbuckle Mountains, southern Oklahoma - Oklahoma Geological Survey Circular (), 1-41 (serial monograph, English)
E. A. Frederickson, 1962 - Helminthochiton from the Pennsylvanian of Oklahoma - Oklahoma Geology Notes (22), 298-302 (journal article, )
J.R.M Bergenhayn, 1960 - Cambrian and Ordovician loricates from North America - Journal of Paleontology (34), 168-178 (journal article, English)
E. S. Richardson, 1956 - Pennsylvanian Invertebrates of the Mazon Creek Area, Illinois - Fieldiana: Geology (12), 3-76 (journal article, English)
L. F. Brady, 1955 - Possible nautiloid mandibles from the Permian of Arizona - Journal of Paleontology (29), 102-104 (journal article, English)
J.M.R. Bergenhayn, 1955 - Die fossilen Schwedischen Loricaten nebst einer vorläufigen Revision des Systems der ganzen Klasse Loricata - Lunds Universitets Årsskrift, Nya Förhandlingar, Avdelningen 2 (51), 1-46 (journal article, German)
A. E. Wilson, 1951 - Gastropoda and Conularida of the Ottawa Formation of the Ottawa - St. Lawrence Lowland - Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin (17), 1-149 (serial monograph, )
J.R.M. Bergenhayn, 1943 - Preliminary notes on fossil polyplacophorans from Sweden - Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar (65), 297-303 (journal article, English)
C. Butts, 1941 - Geology of the Appalachian Valley in Virginia. Part II ' Fossil plates and explanations - Virginia Geological Survey Bulletin (52), 1-271 (serial monograph, English)
B. L. Clark, 1923 - Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island - University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences (14), 123-234 (journal article, English)
S. S. Berry, 1922 - Fossil chitons of Western North America - Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (11), 399-526 (journal article, English)
P. E. Raymond, 1910 - A preliminary list of the fauna of the Allegheny and Conemaugh series in western Pennsylvania - Annals of the Carnegie Museum (7), 144-158 (journal article, English)
J. Thiele, 1910 - Revision des Systems der Chitonen - Zoologica (22), 1-132 (journal article, French)
G. H. Girty, 1909 - The Guadalupian fauna - United States Geological Survey Professional Paper (58), 1-651 (serial monograph, English)
G. C. Martin, 1904 - Amphineura - Maryland Geological Survey (Miocene), 270-271 (journal article, English)
H. A. Pilsbury, 1900 - Amphineura - Textbook of Paleontology (), 433-436 (book/book chapter, English)
G. F. Whidborne, 1892 - A monograph of the Devonian fauna of the south of England. Volume I - Part IV. The fauna of the limestones of Lummaton, Wolborough, Chircombe Bridge, and Chudleigh - Palaeontographical Society Monograph (45), 251-335 (serial monograph, )
C. D. Walcott, 1886 - Second contribution to the studies on the Cambrian faunas of North America - United States Geological Survey Bulletin (30), 1-365 (serial monograph, English)
C. D. Walcott, 1885 - Note on some Paleozoic pteropods - American Journal of Science (30), 17-21 (journal article, English)
W. H. Dall, 1882 - On the genera of fossil chitons - Proceedings of the United States National Museum (4), 279-291 (journal article, English)
W. H. Dall, 1881 - On the genera of chitons - Proceedings of the United States National Museum (4), 279-291 (serial monograph, English)
T. Davidson, 1874 - On the Trimerellidae, a Palaeozoic family of the palliobranchs or Brachiopoda - Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London (30), 124-172 (journal article, English)
E. Billings, 1865 - Palaeozoic fossils, volume 1 - Geological Survey of Canada (), 1-426 (serial monograph, )
H. B. Geinitz, 1861 - Die animalischen ueberreste der Dyas - Dyas oder die Zechstein Formation und das Rothliegende (), 1-130 (book/book chapter, German)
J. W. Kirkby, 1859 - On the Permian Chitonidae - Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society (15), 607-626 (journal article, English)
R. P. Stevens, 1858 - Description of new Carboniferous fossils from the Appalachia, Illinois and Michigan coal fields - American Journal of Science (25), 258-265 (journal article, English)
J. W. Kirkby, 1857 - On some Permian fossils from Durham - Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society (13), 213-218 (journal article, English)
T. A. Conrad, 1855 - Descriptions of eighteen new Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils - Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (7), 265-268 (journal article, English)
R. Howse, 1848 - A catalogue of the fossils of the Permian system of the counties of Northumberland and Durham - Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club (1), 219-264 (journal article, English)
J. E. Gray, 1847 - On the classification of British molluscs - The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including zoology, botany and geology. 1st Series (20), 267-273 (journal article, English)
G. P. Deshayes, 1824 - - Description des Coquilles Fossiles des Environs de Paris, Tome Second: Mollusques (), 1-80 (book, French)
J. B. Lamarck, 1802 - Premier mémoire. Mollusques testacées dont on trouve les dépouilles fossiles dans les environs de Paris - Annales du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (1), 308-312 (journal article, French)
C. Linnaeus, 1758 - - Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima (1), 1-824 (book, other)
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