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05. Apr. - Ta­tort Franken – Das stein­erne Grab der Rie­sen­lurche
10. Apr. - Min­er­alien­börse im Lausitz-Cen­ter in Hoy­er­sw­er­da
11. Apr. - Min­er­alien­börse im Lausitz-Cen­ter in Hoy­er­sw­er­da
11. Apr. - 23. Min­er­alien-IN­FO im Ahrn­tal - Südtirol
11. Apr. - Min­er­alien.- und Fos­silien­börse Rosen­heim - Auer Fes­thalle
12. Apr. - 31. Min­er­alien- und Fos­silien­samm­ler­börse Eg­gen­burg / AT
12. Apr. - Min­er­alien­börse Her­born-Merken­bach
17. Apr. - GERA: Bild­vor­trag „Der Ein­fluss Preußens auf den Berg­bau im
19. Apr. - 25. Bay­er­wald-Min­er­alien­börse Bad Kötzt­ing, DE
26. Apr. - 34. Min­er­alien- und Fos­silien­börse Arns­berg-Müschede, DE
09. May - 77. In­ter­na­tio­nale Min­er­alien­börse in Freiberg/Sach­sen
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Mineralienatlas (name for mineral atlas) is the platform for people interested in mineralogy, geology, palaeontology and mining since 2001. We operate a significant database for minerals, fossils, rocks and their localities. Mineralienatlas is not limited to a section. We bring together information and inform comprehensive.

To complete our information constantly, we need your support. With us, everyone can and should participate. Currently Mineralienatlas is used and expanded by 10531 members. Every month hundreds of thousands of visitors use our website as an information source.
 
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH is the non-profit supporter of the Mineral Atlas (Mineralienatlas), the Lithotheque, the Geolitho Collection Management and the Marketplace and Store by collectors for collectors. The Foundation promotes public education in the field of mineralogy, geology, paleontology and mining by operating, maintaining and further expanding earth science projects.
 
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Min­er­al Por­trait PyriteThe term used in the plural "pyrites" has often been misused in the past or in common for marcasite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and other yellow to brass-colored minerals. The word pyrite is derived from the Greek "pyrites lithos" (derived pyr = fire and lithos = stone) and describes a characteristic of the mineral, when rubbing against steel or flint (flint) to generate sparks. In prehistoric tombs pyrite concretions and unrolled pyrite where found, which supposed to be used for lighting a fire. (Article in German)
The term used in the plu­ral "pyrites" has of­ten been mi­sused in the past or in com­mon for mar­c­a­site, chal­copy­rite, pyr­rhotite and other yel­low to brass-col­ored min­er­als. The word pyrite is de­rived from the Greek "pyrites lithos" (de­rived pyr = fire and lithos = stone) and de­scribes a char­ac­teris­tic ... moreThe term used in the plural "pyrites" has often been misused in the past or in common for marcasite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and other yellow to brass-colored minerals. The word pyrite is derived from the Greek "pyrites lithos" (derived pyr = fire and lithos = stone) and describes a characteristic of the mineral, when rubbing against steel or flint (flint) to generate sparks. In prehistoric tombs pyrite concretions and unrolled pyrite where found, which supposed to be used for lighting a fire. (Article in German)
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Cop­per - one of the old­est me­t­als of mankindCopper was one of the first metals ever extracted and used by humans, and it has made vital contributions to sustaining and improving society since the dawn of civilization.
The metal and its alloys have been used for thousands of years. Copper was first used in coins and ornaments starting about 8000 B.C., and at about 5500 B.C., copper tools helped civilization emerge from the Stone Age. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as сyprium (metal of Cyprus), later shortened to сuprum.

The discovery that copper alloyed with tin produces bronze marked the beginning of the Bronze Age at about 3000 B.C.
Copper is easily stretched, molded, and shaped; is resistant to corrosion; and conducts heat and electricity efficiently. As a result, copper was important to early humans and continues to be a material of choice for a variety of domestic, industrial, and high-technology applications today.

Its compounds are commonly encountered as copper(II) salts, which often impart blue or green colors to minerals such as azurite and malachite and have been widely used historically as pigments. ... a contribution by Peter Seroka
Cop­per was one of the first me­t­als ev­er ex­tract­ed and used by hu­mans, and it has made vi­tal con­tri­bu­tions to sus­tain­ing and im­prov­ing so­ci­e­ty since the dawn of civ­i­l­iza­tion.
The me­t­al and its al­loys have been used for thou­sands of years. Cop­per was first used in coins and or­na­ments start­ing about ... moreCopper was one of the first metals ever extracted and used by humans, and it has made vital contributions to sustaining and improving society since the dawn of civilization.
The metal and its alloys have been used for thousands of years. Copper was first used in coins and ornaments starting about 8000 B.C., and at about 5500 B.C., copper tools helped civilization emerge from the Stone Age. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as сyprium (metal of Cyprus), later shortened to сuprum.

The discovery that copper alloyed with tin produces bronze marked the beginning of the Bronze Age at about 3000 B.C.
Copper is easily stretched, molded, and shaped; is resistant to corrosion; and conducts heat and electricity efficiently. As a result, copper was important to early humans and continues to be a material of choice for a variety of domestic, industrial, and high-technology applications today.

Its compounds are commonly encountered as copper(II) salts, which often impart blue or green colors to minerals such as azurite and malachite and have been widely used historically as pigments. ... a contribution by Peter Seroka
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Geleucht... Da offene Flammen häufig zu Explosionen von Methangas in Kohlebergwerken führten, schrieben Grubenbesitzer einen hoch dotierten Preis zur Erfindung einer explosionssicheren Lampe aus. So wurde die Davy-Lampe entwickelt. Das Geheimnis war ein simples, engmaschiges, Drahtgitter um die offene Flamme. Dieses Gitter verhindert, durch Wärmeableitung, die Entzündung von Gas außerhalb der Lampe. Die Weiterentwicklung war der Einsatz von wiederaufladbaren Akkus statt ... Ein Beitrag von Peter Seroka und Wilhelm W.
... Da of­fene Flam­men häu­fig zu Ex­plo­sio­nen von Methan­gas in Koh­le­berg­w­erken führten, schrieben Grubenbe­sitz­er ei­nen hoch dotierten Preis zur Erfin­d­ung ein­er ex­plo­sions­sicheren Lampe aus. So wurde die Davy-Lampe en­twick­elt. Das Ge­heim­nis war ein sim­ples, en­g­maschiges, Draht­git­ter um die of­fene Flamm ... more... Da offene Flammen häufig zu Explosionen von Methangas in Kohlebergwerken führten, schrieben Grubenbesitzer einen hoch dotierten Preis zur Erfindung einer explosionssicheren Lampe aus. So wurde die Davy-Lampe entwickelt. Das Geheimnis war ein simples, engmaschiges, Drahtgitter um die offene Flamme. Dieses Gitter verhindert, durch Wärmeableitung, die Entzündung von Gas außerhalb der Lampe. Die Weiterentwicklung war der Einsatz von wiederaufladbaren Akkus statt ... Ein Beitrag von Peter Seroka und Wilhelm W.
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Grube Staats­bruch... 1804 schreibt Prof. Dr. Georg A. Bertele über Uranglimmer und 1805 Mathias Flurl über zeisiggrünem Uranglimmer, beide schriftlichen Hinweise und auch die Fluoritstufen aus den Sammlungen von Abraham Gottlob Werner und Johann Wolfgang von Goethe sind kein Beweis dafür, dass der Flußspatbergbau im Wölsendorfer Revier schon in der Zeit um 1800 – 1810 begonnen hat, da muss ich Dr. Heinz Ziehr wiedersprechen und auch das handgeschriebene Etikett aus der Fürstenbergsammlung, Donaueschingen, aus der Zeit zwischen 1800 und 1820 ist kein Beleg dafür das hier schon Flußspatbergbau umgegangen ist, denn gesammelt wurde von einer bestimmten Personengruppe schon immer und dazu "musste" ein Stück von Welsenberg (das Dorf Welsenberg (Wölsenberg) ist damit gemeint) gehören, die ohne weiteres am Hang zur Naab hin, am Naabranken und am Ausbiss des Rolandganges, gefunden werden ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Kommer
... 1804 schreibt Prof. Dr. Ge­org A. Bertele über Uran­glim­mer und 1805 Mathias Flurl über zeisig­grünem Uran­glim­mer, beide schriftlichen Hin­weise und auch die Flu­o­rit­stufen aus den Samm­lun­gen von Abra­ham Gott­lob Wern­er und Jo­hann Wolf­gang von Goethe sind kein Be­weis dafür, dass der Flußs­pat­berg­bau im ... more... 1804 schreibt Prof. Dr. Georg A. Bertele über Uranglimmer und 1805 Mathias Flurl über zeisiggrünem Uranglimmer, beide schriftlichen Hinweise und auch die Fluoritstufen aus den Sammlungen von Abraham Gottlob Werner und Johann Wolfgang von Goethe sind kein Beweis dafür, dass der Flußspatbergbau im Wölsendorfer Revier schon in der Zeit um 1800 – 1810 begonnen hat, da muss ich Dr. Heinz Ziehr wiedersprechen und auch das handgeschriebene Etikett aus der Fürstenbergsammlung, Donaueschingen, aus der Zeit zwischen 1800 und 1820 ist kein Beleg dafür das hier schon Flußspatbergbau umgegangen ist, denn gesammelt wurde von einer bestimmten Personengruppe schon immer und dazu "musste" ein Stück von Welsenberg (das Dorf Welsenberg (Wölsenberg) ist damit gemeint) gehören, die ohne weiteres am Hang zur Naab hin, am Naabranken und am Ausbiss des Rolandganges, gefunden werden ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Kommer
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Pfeif­fer Mine at min­ing dis­trict Wölsen­dorf (in ger­man)This report gives a lot of details of the history of this mine. Contribution from Michael Kommer (written in german language)
This re­port gives a lot of de­tails of the his­to­ry of this mine. Con­tri­bu­tion from Michael Kom­mer (writ­ten in ger­man lan­guage) ... moreThis report gives a lot of details of the history of this mine. Contribution from Michael Kommer (written in german language)
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Min­er­al por­trait gar­netThis portrait mainly deals with the 6 classic garnets, their amazing history, the world’s best known classic and modern localities and deposits and their use as a gems or abrasives. It also deals with the common belief related to the non-existence of blue garnets and its refutation proven by new finds. A separate chapter deals with synthetic garnets. But it also deals with the mix up of definitions, groupings and old and unnecessary terms, which have finally been terminated or brought to a common denominator.

In 2012 the IMA (CNMNC) has defined garnets as members of the Garnet Supergroup, which include all minerals isostructural with garnet regardless of what elements occupy the four atomic sites; i.e. the supergroup includes several chemical classes . Those minerals are closely related to each other and may form a series with each other. Some garnets form intermediary minerals between each member, and may even be intergrown within a single crystal.

With the publication of the new nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, the term “garnet group” does not have its meaning anymore and the intermediate working term “Garnet superstructural group” has been replaced by “Garnet Supergroup”.
There are 32 approved species and 5 “candidate” species waiting on approval. The 32 species are subdivided by their Z-charge into 29 species, which belong to 5 groups and to 3 single representative species.
One of those 5 groups is the “Garnet group”, consisting of the 6 former (classic) garnets Pyrope, Grossular, Spessartine, Almandine, Uvarovite and Andradite plus 8 rarer garnets , as Menzerite-(Y), Eringaite, Goldmanite, Momoiite, Knorringite, Calderite, Majorite and Morimotoite.
This por­trait main­ly deals with the 6 clas­sic gar­nets, their amaz­ing his­to­ry, the world’s best known clas­sic and mod­ern lo­cal­i­ties and de­posits and their use as a gems or abra­sives. It al­so deals with the com­mon be­lief re­lat­ed to the non-ex­is­tence of blue gar­nets and its refu­ta­tion proven by new ... moreThis portrait mainly deals with the 6 classic garnets, their amazing history, the world’s best known classic and modern localities and deposits and their use as a gems or abrasives. It also deals with the common belief related to the non-existence of blue garnets and its refutation proven by new finds. A separate chapter deals with synthetic garnets. But it also deals with the mix up of definitions, groupings and old and unnecessary terms, which have finally been terminated or brought to a common denominator.

In 2012 the IMA (CNMNC) has defined garnets as members of the Garnet Supergroup, which include all minerals isostructural with garnet regardless of what elements occupy the four atomic sites; i.e. the supergroup includes several chemical classes . Those minerals are closely related to each other and may form a series with each other. Some garnets form intermediary minerals between each member, and may even be intergrown within a single crystal.

With the publication of the new nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, the term “garnet group” does not have its meaning anymore and the intermediate working term “Garnet superstructural group” has been replaced by “Garnet Supergroup”.
There are 32 approved species and 5 “candidate” species waiting on approval. The 32 species are subdivided by their Z-charge into 29 species, which belong to 5 groups and to 3 single representative species.
One of those 5 groups is the “Garnet group”, consisting of the 6 former (classic) garnets Pyrope, Grossular, Spessartine, Almandine, Uvarovite and Andradite plus 8 rarer garnets , as Menzerite-(Y), Eringaite, Goldmanite, Momoiite, Knorringite, Calderite, Majorite and Morimotoite.
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Min­er­a­log­i­cal Por­tri­at - Py­ro­mor­phiteEarly before Pyromorphite got its name, Pyromorphite was known as Grün-, Braun-, Buntbleierz or Polychrom. Best specimen are known from Freiberg, Clausthal, Dornbach and Pribram adorned the former Minerals cabinets of Johann Richter, Karl Pabst von Ohain, Christian Ludwig Stieglitz, Caroline Louise of Baden, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Abraham Gottlob Werner, Ignaz von Born, Sigmund Zois and other prominent collectors of the 18th to early 19th century. The first chemical analysis undertook M. H. Klaproth in 1784; the name Pyromorphit, from the Greek "pyro" for fire and "Morpho" for form, was of J.F.L. Hausmann 1813 awarded. The reason for this peculiar ... An article by Peter Seroka in german language
Ear­ly be­fore Py­ro­mor­phite got its name, Py­ro­mor­phite was known as Grün-, Braun-, Bunt­bleierz or Po­lychrom. Best spec­i­men are known from Freiberg, Clausthal, Dorn­bach and Pri­bram adorned the former Min­er­als cabi­nets of Jo­hann Richter, Karl Pabst von Ohain, Chris­tian Lud­wig Stieglitz, Car­o­line Louise ... moreEarly before Pyromorphite got its name, Pyromorphite was known as Grün-, Braun-, Buntbleierz or Polychrom. Best specimen are known from Freiberg, Clausthal, Dornbach and Pribram adorned the former Minerals cabinets of Johann Richter, Karl Pabst von Ohain, Christian Ludwig Stieglitz, Caroline Louise of Baden, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Abraham Gottlob Werner, Ignaz von Born, Sigmund Zois and other prominent collectors of the 18th to early 19th century. The first chemical analysis undertook M. H. Klaproth in 1784; the name Pyromorphit, from the Greek "pyro" for fire and "Morpho" for form, was of J.F.L. Hausmann 1813 awarded. The reason for this peculiar ... An article by Peter Seroka in german language
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