| The study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at ... moreThe study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at a very early stage of crystal growing. Based on these findings, it does beg the request to reconsider the formation mechanisms, and adjacency to the newly different categories. (Text in german) |
| The metal extraction by ore leaching (mostly copper) was about 1,000 years BC. known in the Mediterranean, but there are also barely no written records. The in the Middle Ages and in the following Renaissance well-known different procedures were first described in detail by Georg Agricola 1556 in hi ... moreThe metal extraction by ore leaching (mostly copper) was about 1,000 years BC. known in the Mediterranean, but there are also barely no written records. The in the Middle Ages and in the following Renaissance well-known different procedures were first described in detail by Georg Agricola 1556 in his book "De Re Metallica Libri XII". A contribution by Peter Seroka |
| Spinellsynthesen finden sich im Handel als komplette Schmelzbirnen, die ab und an einen annähernd quadratischen, aber abgerundeten Querschnitt besitzen. In der Nähe des Keimes finden sich selten abgerundete Oktaederflächen. Im Gegensatz dazu sind Korundbirnen in der Regel der Länge nach gespalten ... moreSpinellsynthesen finden sich im Handel als komplette Schmelzbirnen, die ab und an einen annähernd quadratischen, aber abgerundeten Querschnitt besitzen. In der Nähe des Keimes finden sich selten abgerundete Oktaederflächen. Im Gegensatz dazu sind Korundbirnen in der Regel der Länge nach gespalten, um die inneren Spannungen im Kristall zu lösen. Wird das Material durch Tempern von den Spannungen befreit, sind die Korundbirnen komplett und im Querschnitt rund oder eher abgerundet dreiseitig. Ein Beitrag von Klaus Schäfer |