Mineralienatlas (name for mineral atlas) is the platform for people interested in mineralogy, geology, palaeontology and mining since 2001. We operate a significant database for minerals, fossils, rocks and their localities. Mineralienatlas is not limited to a section. We bring together information and inform comprehensive.

To complete our information constantly, we need your support. With us, everyone can and should participate. Currently Mineralienatlas is used and expanded by 10586 members. Every month hundreds of thousands of visitors use our website as an information source.
 
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH is the non-profit supporter of the Mineral Atlas (Mineralienatlas), the Lithotheque, the Geolitho Collection Management and the Marketplace and Store by collectors for collectors. The Foundation promotes public education in the field of mineralogy, geology, paleontology and mining by operating, maintaining and further expanding earth science projects.
 
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The Al­ten­berg tin mine is well known for its huge sur­face break left by the min­ing ac­tiv­i­ties. Among min­er­al col­lec­tors the mine is fa­mous as well for its unique Py­c­nite de­posit, a va­ri­e­ty of to­paz oc­cur­ring in mas­sive colum­nar ag­gre­gates up to a length of 30 cm.

The min­ing start­ed in 1440 and c ... moreThe Altenberg tin mine is well known for its huge surface break left by the mining activities. Among mineral collectors the mine is famous as well for its unique Pycnite deposit, a variety of topaz occurring in massive columnar aggregates up to a length of 30 cm.

The mining started in 1440 and continued, with several ups and downs and some total shut-down periods, until 1991. The mining activities aimed for a plutonic granite body (350 to 400 metre in diameter and hydrothermally mineralized mainly with cassiterite and smaller amounts of wolframite, molybdenite, arsenopyrite, bismuth and others) and managed to extract a total sum of 37 million tons of ore. The huge surface break, called "The Altenberger Pinge", is the result of several roof collapses caused by excessive ore excavation and later on the continued drawing of caved material from the bottom of the fracture zone.

Collectible minerals were rare and small, so the Altenberg tin mine became never as famous as the Freiberg or Ehrenfriedersdorf districts, but its unique geology and mining technology made it quite interesting and worth a closer look.

(Full text in german)
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... As al­ready men­tioned else­where, min­ing in Il­me­nau dates back to the year 1200. In 1216, Count Pop­po v. Hen­ne­berg was en­fe­offed with the Ber­gre­gal by Frie­drich den II. At that time one had dis­cov­ered min­er­alised steep cop­per slate near Ro­da and on the Sturmheide. Pre­sum­ab­ly, in­di­vi­d­u­al min­ers had ... more... As already mentioned elsewhere, mining in Ilmenau dates back to the year 1200. In 1216, Count Poppo v. Henneberg was enfeoffed with the Bergregal by Friedrich den II. At that time one had discovered mineralised steep copper slate near Roda and on the Sturmheide. Presumably, individual miners had been enfeoffed, who extracted copper slate and sandstone in accordance with the mining freedom. This is generally regarded as the beginning of the first main period of Ilmenau mining. The ore was mined in small open pits to a maximum depth of 50m. ... A Contribution of {:10697:}
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Min­er­al por­trait gar­netThis portrait mainly deals with the 6 classic garnets, their amazing history, the world’s best known classic and modern localities and deposits and their use as a gems or abrasives. It also deals with the common belief related to the non-existence of blue garnets and its refutation proven by new finds. A separate chapter deals with synthetic garnets. But it also deals with the mix up of definitions, groupings and old and unnecessary terms, which have finally been terminated or brought to a common denominator.

In 2012 the IMA (CNMNC) has defined garnets as members of the Garnet Supergroup, which include all minerals isostructural with garnet regardless of what elements occupy the four atomic sites; i.e. the supergroup includes several chemical classes . Those minerals are closely related to each other and may form a series with each other. Some garnets form intermediary minerals between each member, and may even be intergrown within a single crystal.

With the publication of the new nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, the term “garnet group” does not have its meaning anymore and the intermediate working term “Garnet superstructural group” has been replaced by “Garnet Supergroup”.
There are 32 approved species and 5 “candidate” species waiting on approval. The 32 species are subdivided by their Z-charge into 29 species, which belong to 5 groups and to 3 single representative species.
One of those 5 groups is the “Garnet group”, consisting of the 6 former (classic) garnets Pyrope, Grossular, Spessartine, Almandine, Uvarovite and Andradite plus 8 rarer garnets , as Menzerite-(Y), Eringaite, Goldmanite, Momoiite, Knorringite, Calderite, Majorite and Morimotoite.
This por­trait main­ly deals with the 6 clas­sic gar­nets, their amaz­ing his­to­ry, the world’s best known clas­sic and mod­ern lo­cal­i­ties and de­posits and their use as a gems or abra­sives. It al­so deals with the com­mon be­lief re­lat­ed to the non-ex­is­tence of blue gar­nets and its refu­ta­tion proven by new ... moreThis portrait mainly deals with the 6 classic garnets, their amazing history, the world’s best known classic and modern localities and deposits and their use as a gems or abrasives. It also deals with the common belief related to the non-existence of blue garnets and its refutation proven by new finds. A separate chapter deals with synthetic garnets. But it also deals with the mix up of definitions, groupings and old and unnecessary terms, which have finally been terminated or brought to a common denominator.

In 2012 the IMA (CNMNC) has defined garnets as members of the Garnet Supergroup, which include all minerals isostructural with garnet regardless of what elements occupy the four atomic sites; i.e. the supergroup includes several chemical classes . Those minerals are closely related to each other and may form a series with each other. Some garnets form intermediary minerals between each member, and may even be intergrown within a single crystal.

With the publication of the new nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, the term “garnet group” does not have its meaning anymore and the intermediate working term “Garnet superstructural group” has been replaced by “Garnet Supergroup”.
There are 32 approved species and 5 “candidate” species waiting on approval. The 32 species are subdivided by their Z-charge into 29 species, which belong to 5 groups and to 3 single representative species.
One of those 5 groups is the “Garnet group”, consisting of the 6 former (classic) garnets Pyrope, Grossular, Spessartine, Almandine, Uvarovite and Andradite plus 8 rarer garnets , as Menzerite-(Y), Eringaite, Goldmanite, Momoiite, Knorringite, Calderite, Majorite and Morimotoite.
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De­posits are one of the most im­por­tant top­ics in ge­ol­o­gy. Peter Sero­ka has ad­dressed the is­sue in sev­er­al years of work and has writ­ten an up-to-date ge­o­log­i­cal sum­mary. He ded­i­cat­ed his work to the 15 th an­niver­sary of Min­er­alie­nat­las. The work gives de­tailed in­for­ma­tion re­gard­ing the ori­gin of d ... moreDeposits are one of the most important topics in geology. Peter Seroka has addressed the issue in several years of work and has written an up-to-date geological summary. He dedicated his work to the 15 th anniversary of Mineralienatlas. The work gives detailed information regarding the origin of deposits, the different types of deposits and their classification. Examples of economically important deposits complete the chapters. Provided that this comprehensive work would be printed it would be a volume of over 400 pages; here it is provided in its entirety, online. Thanks to Peter Seroka. (written in german language).
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... durch Min­er­alien­samm­ler und son­stige In­for­ma­tion­squellen ist im­mer wied­er von einem Ver­bund­berg­w­erk Marien­schacht/Jo­han­nesschacht die Rede, Min­er­al­stufen wer­den ent­sprechend so ange­boten oder sind auch so beschriftet, aber ei­nen Ver­bund hat es zwischen der Grube Marien­schacht und der Grube Jo­han ... more... durch Mineraliensammler und sonstige Informationsquellen ist immer wieder von einem Verbundbergwerk Marienschacht/Johannesschacht die Rede, Mineralstufen werden entsprechend so angeboten oder sind auch so beschriftet, aber einen Verbund hat es zwischen der Grube Marienschacht und der Grube Johannesschacht nicht gegeben, denn von einem Verbund wird nur dann gesprochen, wenn zwei noch tätige Bergwerke miteinander verbunden werden und das war hier nicht der Fall, weil die Grube Johannesschacht bereits stillgelegt war und die Tagesanlagen abgerissen wurden. Eine Umfahrung des Baufeldes der Grube Johannesschacht fand deshalb statt, weil sich die Grundstücke und somit auch das untertägige Grubenfeld der Grube Johannesschacht bereits im ...
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Auf den er­sten Blick er­scheint es ungewöhn­lich, gleichzeitig et­was über ein an­erkan­ntes Min­er­al wie Goethit und über seine berühmten, je­doch nicht als Min­er­al­spezies akzep­tierten Abkömm­linge Li­monit, Ock­er und Raseneisen­erz, sowie einige sel­tenere Varian­ten der li­moni­tischen Fam­i­lie, ja selbst über ... moreAuf den ersten Blick erscheint es ungewöhnlich, gleichzeitig etwas über ein anerkanntes Mineral wie Goethit und über seine berühmten, jedoch nicht als Mineralspezies akzeptierten Abkömmlinge Limonit, Ocker und Raseneisenerz, sowie einige seltenere Varianten der limonitischen Familie, ja selbst über Gesteine zu lesen. Auf den zweiten Blick erkennt man jedoch, dass in diesem Portrait der Versuch unternommen wird, einmal der Tradition der bekannten Lehrbücher zu folgen, welche Goethit und Limonit wegen ihrer Verwandschaft zumeist gemeinsam betrachten, andererseits dem Mineraliensammler entgegenzukommen, für welchen Limonit - ob Gemisch, Gemenge oder Gestein - seit eh und je zu den eigenständigen Mineralien zählt... Ein Mineralienportrait von Peter Seroka
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Während der Kolo­nial­isierung Zen­tralamerikas (An­fang 16. Jh. bids An­fang 19. Jh.) durch die Spani­er ent­deck­ten diese, dass die Ein­woh­n­er bes­timmte grüne Steine als Heil­steine oder Amulette ge­gen Nieren­lei­den tru­gen. Die Spani­er nan­n­ten diese Steine "pie­dra de ija­da" (et­wa Len­den- bzw. Nieren­stein, a ... moreWährend der Kolonialisierung Zentralamerikas (Anfang 16. Jh. bids Anfang 19. Jh.) durch die Spanier entdeckten diese, dass die Einwohner bestimmte grüne Steine als Heilsteine oder Amulette gegen Nierenleiden trugen. Die Spanier nannten diese Steine "piedra de ijada" (etwa Lenden- bzw. Nierenstein, auch als "Piedra de los riñones = Stein der Nieren / für die Nieren" bezeichnet). Der spanische Ausdruck "piedra de ijada" wurde ins Französische als "l’éjade" übernommen und ungefähr im 17. Jahrhundert fälschlich zu "le jade" umgebildet.

Der Begriff wurde in Europa dann auf Jade chinesischer bzw. asiatischer Herkunft ausgeweitet.

Die Verwirrung bezüglich der westlichen Begriffe Jadeit und Nephrit begann mit der Arbeit des französischen Geologen Alexis Damour, welcher den von den Spaniern aus Südamerika gebrachten "lapis nephriticus" als Pyroxen-Jadeit und die orientalische Varietät als ... ein Mineralienportrait geschrieben von Peter Seroka
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