| Inclusions are inside the crystal enclosed foreign materials like liquids, gases, hydrocarbons (oil, asphalt), sediment, NaCl, as well as other minerals or crystals. Inclusions can be a sort of fingerprint of the place of dicovery. Thus inclusions show us under which geologic conditions minerals had ... moreInclusions are inside the crystal enclosed foreign materials like liquids, gases, hydrocarbons (oil, asphalt), sediment, NaCl, as well as other minerals or crystals. Inclusions can be a sort of fingerprint of the place of dicovery. Thus inclusions show us under which geologic conditions minerals had formed. This allows conclusions on the place of discovery. The article deals with the different kinds of inclusions, her conditions of build, which minerals do often have inclusions and how they appear. (Full text in german) |
| In 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between ... moreIn 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between two calcareous sediments and showed a different fossil record , which to a mass extinction ( faunal ) hinted . While further analysis Alvarez noted a high iridium concentrations; a typical ... An article by Peter Seroka (written in german) |
| Die Bildung der Achate am Karrenberg ist äußerst komplex und hochinteressant. Erkennbar wird dies zum einen an der Abfolge der Mineralisationen im Mandelbereich. In der direkten Umgebung der größeren Mandeln kann man mit viel Glück einen kleinen Graphiteinschluss ausma ein Beitarg von u.a. Klaus Sch ... moreDie Bildung der Achate am Karrenberg ist äußerst komplex und hochinteressant. Erkennbar wird dies zum einen an der Abfolge der Mineralisationen im Mandelbereich. In der direkten Umgebung der größeren Mandeln kann man mit viel Glück einen kleinen Graphiteinschluss ausma ein Beitarg von u.a. Klaus Schäfer chen, der von einigen Sammlern durch angenommene Bildung von Kohlenstoffgasen als mitverantwortlich für die Hohlraumbildung angesehen wird. Diese Graphiteinschlüsse wurden bei der Bildung des Schlotes, als dieser durch tiefer gelegen karbonische Schichten brach, mitgerissen. Die von aussen nach .... Ein Beitrag von Klaus Schäfer |
| ... Over time, rocks weather due to the influence of wind, water, ice, and daily and seasonal temperature differences. These weathering products form then short the pedosphere (the ground), go into solution in water (chemistry), are transported as dust, and similar processes. Long term, but they rea ... more... Over time, rocks weather due to the influence of wind, water, ice, and daily and seasonal temperature differences. These weathering products form then short the pedosphere (the ground), go into solution in water (chemistry), are transported as dust, and similar processes. Long term, but they rearrange stable, lithify and form sedimentary rocks, are transported into the deep, and after transformation (metamorphosis) reveal pushed back ... An article by Peter Seroka, written in German |