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17. May - Gera, Mu­se­um für Na­turkunde: Ausstel­lungseröff­nung
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Mineralienatlas (name for mineral atlas) is the platform for people interested in mineralogy, geology, palaeontology and mining since 2001. We operate a significant database for minerals, fossils, rocks and their localities. Mineralienatlas is not limited to a section. We bring together information and inform comprehensive.

To complete our information constantly, we need your support. With us, everyone can and should participate. Currently Mineralienatlas is used and expanded by 10586 members. Every month hundreds of thousands of visitors use our website as an information source.
 
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH is the non-profit supporter of the Mineral Atlas (Mineralienatlas), the Lithotheque, the Geolitho Collection Management and the Marketplace and Store by collectors for collectors. The Foundation promotes public education in the field of mineralogy, geology, paleontology and mining by operating, maintaining and further expanding earth science projects.
 
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His­to­ry of min­ing in the Il­me­nau re­gion... As already mentioned elsewhere, mining in Ilmenau dates back to the year 1200. In 1216, Count Poppo v. Henneberg was enfeoffed with the Bergregal by Friedrich den II. At that time one had discovered mineralised steep copper slate near Roda and on the Sturmheide. Presumably, individual miners had been enfeoffed, who extracted copper slate and sandstone in accordance with the mining freedom. This is generally regarded as the beginning of the first main period of Ilmenau mining. The ore was mined in small open pits to a maximum depth of 50m. ... A Contribution of {:10697:}
... As al­ready men­tioned else­where, min­ing in Il­me­nau dates back to the year 1200. In 1216, Count Pop­po v. Hen­ne­berg was en­fe­offed with the Ber­gre­gal by Frie­drich den II. At that time one had dis­cov­ered min­er­alised steep cop­per slate near Ro­da and on the Sturmheide. Pre­sum­ab­ly, in­di­vi­d­u­al min­ers had ... more... As already mentioned elsewhere, mining in Ilmenau dates back to the year 1200. In 1216, Count Poppo v. Henneberg was enfeoffed with the Bergregal by Friedrich den II. At that time one had discovered mineralised steep copper slate near Roda and on the Sturmheide. Presumably, individual miners had been enfeoffed, who extracted copper slate and sandstone in accordance with the mining freedom. This is generally regarded as the beginning of the first main period of Ilmenau mining. The ore was mined in small open pits to a maximum depth of 50m. ... A Contribution of {:10697:}
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Das Berg­bau­re­vi­er Freiberg... zu Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts war Freiberg am Boden. Die Einwohnerzahl ging zurück, das Montanwesen war größtenteils zerstört und das Silberausbringen hatte einen Tiefstand von 1.211 kg erreicht. Erst Mitte des 18. Jahrhundert ging es wieder aufwärts; da arbeiteten bereits wieder 4.700 Bergleute in Freiberg und seiner Umgebung und weitere Gruben und Gebiete wurden erschlossen. 1720-1750 erreichten die Freiberger Gruben ein Silberausbringen von 6.000 kg im Jahr (!). Grund hierfür waren neue zentralisierte Verwaltung, Qualifikation der Berg- und Hüttenbeamten und verbesserte Technik. Es wurde eine "Stolln und Röschenadministration" ins Leben gerufen. Das System der Röschen, Bergwerksteiche und Aufschlagwässer wurde verbessert und der Bau des Aquädukts der Grube "Anna samt Altväter" brachte technische Verbesserungen sowie ein höheres Silberausbringen.

Nach dem Hubertusfrieden wurde Sachsen wirtschaftlich und staatsintern energisch reformiert. Männer wie Heynitz und Oppeln modernisierten das Montanwesen in Freiberg und Sachsen. Der Freiberger Bergbau erlebte einen neuen wirtschaftlichen Aufschwung, das Silberausbringen lag bei 3.000 kg im Jahre 1760 und bereits bei 11.500 kg im Jahre 1800. Die Ursachen hierfür waren das Auffinden neuer Lagerstätten, so z.B. "Beschert Glück", "Himmelsfürst", "Alte Hoffnung Gottes", "Kühschacht", "Segen Gottes und Herzog August" und viele andere sowie weiterer Einsatz neuer Technik (Schießen aus dem ganzen, ungarische Hunte, zusätzliche Wasserräder und Einbau erster Wassersäulenmaschinen ("Siegfried")). Desweiteren wurden neue Langstoßherde zur Trennung des Erzes eingesetzt und Kahnhebehäuser (die ersten Schiffshebewerke der Welt) erbaut und genutzt. 1775 wurde die Bergschule und 1765 ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Schaling und Daniel Lunau
... zu An­fang des 18. Jahrhun­derts war Freiberg am Bo­den. Die Ein­woh­n­erzahl ging zurück, das Mon­tan­we­sen war größ­ten­teils zer­stört und das Sil­ber­aus­brin­gen hatte ei­nen Tief­s­tand von 1.211 kg er­reicht. Erst Mitte des 18. Jahrhun­dert ging es wied­er aufwärts; da ar­beit­eten bere­its wied­er 4.700 Ber­gleut ... more... zu Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts war Freiberg am Boden. Die Einwohnerzahl ging zurück, das Montanwesen war größtenteils zerstört und das Silberausbringen hatte einen Tiefstand von 1.211 kg erreicht. Erst Mitte des 18. Jahrhundert ging es wieder aufwärts; da arbeiteten bereits wieder 4.700 Bergleute in Freiberg und seiner Umgebung und weitere Gruben und Gebiete wurden erschlossen. 1720-1750 erreichten die Freiberger Gruben ein Silberausbringen von 6.000 kg im Jahr (!). Grund hierfür waren neue zentralisierte Verwaltung, Qualifikation der Berg- und Hüttenbeamten und verbesserte Technik. Es wurde eine "Stolln und Röschenadministration" ins Leben gerufen. Das System der Röschen, Bergwerksteiche und Aufschlagwässer wurde verbessert und der Bau des Aquädukts der Grube "Anna samt Altväter" brachte technische Verbesserungen sowie ein höheres Silberausbringen.

Nach dem Hubertusfrieden wurde Sachsen wirtschaftlich und staatsintern energisch reformiert. Männer wie Heynitz und Oppeln modernisierten das Montanwesen in Freiberg und Sachsen. Der Freiberger Bergbau erlebte einen neuen wirtschaftlichen Aufschwung, das Silberausbringen lag bei 3.000 kg im Jahre 1760 und bereits bei 11.500 kg im Jahre 1800. Die Ursachen hierfür waren das Auffinden neuer Lagerstätten, so z.B. "Beschert Glück", "Himmelsfürst", "Alte Hoffnung Gottes", "Kühschacht", "Segen Gottes und Herzog August" und viele andere sowie weiterer Einsatz neuer Technik (Schießen aus dem ganzen, ungarische Hunte, zusätzliche Wasserräder und Einbau erster Wassersäulenmaschinen ("Siegfried")). Desweiteren wurden neue Langstoßherde zur Trennung des Erzes eingesetzt und Kahnhebehäuser (die ersten Schiffshebewerke der Welt) erbaut und genutzt. 1775 wurde die Bergschule und 1765 ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Schaling und Daniel Lunau
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"Ober­fränkisch­es Re­vi­er" a min­ing por­traitThe mining in the Franconian Forest has produced a lot of pits in the area and counts to the oldest mining areas in Germany. Indeed, one searches in the World Wide web in vain according to the information of which are documented by photos or maps. This comprehensive contribution gives you a wide view into this extended mininig area.

Researched and written from Michael Kommer (in german language)
The min­ing in the Fran­co­nian For­est has pro­duced a lot of pits in the area and counts to the old­est min­ing ar­eas in Ger­many. In­deed, one search­es in the World Wide web in vain ac­cord­ing to the in­for­ma­tion of which are doc­u­ment­ed by pho­tos or maps. This com­pre­hen­sive con­tri­bu­tion gives you a wide vie ... moreThe mining in the Franconian Forest has produced a lot of pits in the area and counts to the oldest mining areas in Germany. Indeed, one searches in the World Wide web in vain according to the information of which are documented by photos or maps. This comprehensive contribution gives you a wide view into this extended mininig area.

Researched and written from Michael Kommer (in german language)
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Min­er­al Por­trait CalciteCalcite is one of the most abundant natural minerals. It is found in very different shapes, both compact as limestone as well as sinter in caves and in the crystalline state. But even in our daily life calcite is always present: in some regions it blockes water pipes as "chalk", we build our houses with it, it is in our food chain and without it we could not stand upright.

Calcite is not rare, but the varied mineral on Earth. The variety of forms and variations of the forms of calcite are unmatched in the world of mineralogy. By 2009, more than 800 Calcit forms have been described.
Calcite is one of the most abun­dant na­t­u­ral min­er­als. It is found in very dif­fer­ent shapes, both com­pact as lime­s­tone as well as sin­ter in caves and in the crys­tal­line state. But even in our dai­ly life calcite is al­ways pre­sent: in some re­gions it block­es wa­ter pipes as "chalk", we build our hous­es ... moreCalcite is one of the most abundant natural minerals. It is found in very different shapes, both compact as limestone as well as sinter in caves and in the crystalline state. But even in our daily life calcite is always present: in some regions it blockes water pipes as "chalk", we build our houses with it, it is in our food chain and without it we could not stand upright.

Calcite is not rare, but the varied mineral on Earth. The variety of forms and variations of the forms of calcite are unmatched in the world of mineralogy. By 2009, more than 800 Calcit forms have been described.
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TwinsThe study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at a very early stage of crystal growing. Based on these findings, it does beg the request to reconsider the formation mechanisms, and adjacency to the newly different categories. (Text in german)
The study of twins starts due to the very first be­gin­n­ings of crys­tal­log­ra­phy as a sci­ence. Not neg­li­gi­ble for this rea­son, the idea or the con­cept of a twin crys­tal are of­ten as­so­ci­at­ed with a macro­s­cop­ic build­ing. Mod­ern studies at the nano scale have shown that the for­ma­tion of twins can oc­cur at ... moreThe study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at a very early stage of crystal growing. Based on these findings, it does beg the request to reconsider the formation mechanisms, and adjacency to the newly different categories. (Text in german)
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Red lay­erIn 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between two calcareous sediments and showed a different fossil record , which to a mass extinction ( faunal ) hinted .

While further analysis Alvarez noted a high iridium concentrations; a typical ... An article by Peter Seroka (written in german)
In 1978 the US - Amer­i­can ge­ol­o­gist Wal­ter Al­varez gained a nar­row pat­tern red clay in the Italian Apen­nines and cer­tain age th­ese sam­ples to ap­prox­i­mate­ly 65 mil­lion years , ie at the end of the Cre­ta­ceous pe­ri­od and the be­gin­n­ing of the Ter­tiary pe­ri­od. This very thin lime- clay lay­er lies be­tween ... moreIn 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between two calcareous sediments and showed a different fossil record , which to a mass extinction ( faunal ) hinted .

While further analysis Alvarez noted a high iridium concentrations; a typical ... An article by Peter Seroka (written in german)
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The Mu­nich Mi­cro­moun­ters and their Lithothek„What will be the fate of my collection once I will no longer be able to collect? There are specimens of unique beauty and extreme rarity in the collection, pieces that cannot be replaced since some localities are closed or have been obliterated. All this might be thrown away because not many people realise the value and importance hidden in these little unimpressive boxes”. Many micromounters are worried by these considerations and other factors. “My collection is an important part of my life and of my personality. If my collection dissapears, I too, will cease to exist without trace”. We, the Micromounters of the Münchener Mineralienfreunde, are no exception. Many times the future of our collections was subject of our discussions and conversations. Children and grand children are not always appreciative of their parents’ or grandparents’ passion.
„What will be the fate of my col­lec­tion once I will no longer be able to col­lect? There are spec­i­mens of unique beau­ty and ex­treme rar­i­ty in the col­lec­tion, pie­ces that can­not be re­placed since some lo­cal­i­ties are closed or have been oblit­er­at­ed. All this might be thrown away be­cause not many peo­ple ... more„What will be the fate of my collection once I will no longer be able to collect? There are specimens of unique beauty and extreme rarity in the collection, pieces that cannot be replaced since some localities are closed or have been obliterated. All this might be thrown away because not many people realise the value and importance hidden in these little unimpressive boxes”. Many micromounters are worried by these considerations and other factors. “My collection is an important part of my life and of my personality. If my collection dissapears, I too, will cease to exist without trace”. We, the Micromounters of the Münchener Mineralienfreunde, are no exception. Many times the future of our collections was subject of our discussions and conversations. Children and grand children are not always appreciative of their parents’ or grandparents’ passion.
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