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21. May - 29. In­ter­na­tio­nale Jahres­ta­gung Geo­Top der Fach­sek­tion Geo­to
03. June - Min­er­alien- Hausmesse Wech­sel­burg
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Edelsteintage Konstanz
21. May - 29. In­ter­na­tio­nale Jahres­ta­gung Geo­Top der Fach­sek­tion Geo­to
03. June - Min­er­alien- Hausmesse Wech­sel­burg
06. June - GERA: „Min­er­alien­tr­eff im Ju­ni“
07. June - 4. Fest der edlen Steine im Rit­tergut Treb­sen/Sach­sen
13. June - Min­er­alien­börse in Knit­telfeld
14. June - Min­er­alien­börse im Fin­d­lings­park Nocht­en
21. June - Min­er­alien­börse
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Mineralienatlas (name for mineral atlas) is the platform for people interested in mineralogy, geology, palaeontology and mining since 2001. We operate a significant database for minerals, fossils, rocks and their localities. Mineralienatlas is not limited to a section. We bring together information and inform comprehensive.

To complete our information constantly, we need your support. With us, everyone can and should participate. Currently Mineralienatlas is used and expanded by 10588 members. Every month hundreds of thousands of visitors use our website as an information source.
 
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH
Geolitho Foundation non-profit GmbH is the non-profit supporter of the Mineral Atlas (Mineralienatlas), the Lithotheque, the Geolitho Collection Management and the Marketplace and Store by collectors for collectors. The Foundation promotes public education in the field of mineralogy, geology, paleontology and mining by operating, maintaining and further expanding earth science projects.
 
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Edelsteintage Konstanz
 
Cop­per - one of the old­est me­t­als of mankindCopper was one of the first metals ever extracted and used by humans, and it has made vital contributions to sustaining and improving society since the dawn of civilization.
The metal and its alloys have been used for thousands of years. Copper was first used in coins and ornaments starting about 8000 B.C., and at about 5500 B.C., copper tools helped civilization emerge from the Stone Age. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as сyprium (metal of Cyprus), later shortened to сuprum.

The discovery that copper alloyed with tin produces bronze marked the beginning of the Bronze Age at about 3000 B.C.
Copper is easily stretched, molded, and shaped; is resistant to corrosion; and conducts heat and electricity efficiently. As a result, copper was important to early humans and continues to be a material of choice for a variety of domestic, industrial, and high-technology applications today.

Its compounds are commonly encountered as copper(II) salts, which often impart blue or green colors to minerals such as azurite and malachite and have been widely used historically as pigments. ... a contribution by Peter Seroka
Cop­per was one of the first me­t­als ev­er ex­tract­ed and used by hu­mans, and it has made vi­tal con­tri­bu­tions to sus­tain­ing and im­prov­ing so­ci­e­ty since the dawn of civ­i­l­iza­tion.
The me­t­al and its al­loys have been used for thou­sands of years. Cop­per was first used in coins and or­na­ments start­ing about ... moreCopper was one of the first metals ever extracted and used by humans, and it has made vital contributions to sustaining and improving society since the dawn of civilization.
The metal and its alloys have been used for thousands of years. Copper was first used in coins and ornaments starting about 8000 B.C., and at about 5500 B.C., copper tools helped civilization emerge from the Stone Age. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as сyprium (metal of Cyprus), later shortened to сuprum.

The discovery that copper alloyed with tin produces bronze marked the beginning of the Bronze Age at about 3000 B.C.
Copper is easily stretched, molded, and shaped; is resistant to corrosion; and conducts heat and electricity efficiently. As a result, copper was important to early humans and continues to be a material of choice for a variety of domestic, industrial, and high-technology applications today.

Its compounds are commonly encountered as copper(II) salts, which often impart blue or green colors to minerals such as azurite and malachite and have been widely used historically as pigments. ... a contribution by Peter Seroka
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Min­er­al por­trait Baryt (in ger­man)In the late Middle Ages massive amount of Baryt which phosphoresced when it was gently heated, were discovered in Italy. This stone was named after its place of discovery "Pietra fosforica di Bologna" (phosphorescent Bologna stone) and was of great interest to alchemists. Although the name baryte has been assigned centuries later, it may be assumed that the Bologna stone is the first description in the literature. A portrait about this famous mineral by Peter Seroka.
In the late Mid­dle Ages mas­sive amount of Baryt which phos­phoresced when it was gent­ly heat­ed, were dis­cov­ered in Ita­ly. This stone was named af­ter its place of dis­cov­ery "Pi­e­tra fos­for­i­ca di Bolog­na" (phos­phores­cent Bolog­na stone) and was of great in­ter­est to al­chemists. Al­though the name baryte ha ... moreIn the late Middle Ages massive amount of Baryt which phosphoresced when it was gently heated, were discovered in Italy. This stone was named after its place of discovery "Pietra fosforica di Bologna" (phosphorescent Bologna stone) and was of great interest to alchemists. Although the name baryte has been assigned centuries later, it may be assumed that the Bologna stone is the first description in the literature. A portrait about this famous mineral by Peter Seroka.
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Grube Max im Wölsen­dor­fer Re­vi­erDie Gänge der später so genannten Grube Max sind vermutlich bereits um 1916-1920 aufgefunden worden. Eine Zeit in der verstärkt nach Flussspatgängen im Wölsendorfer Raum gesucht wurde. Nordwestlich der Maxgänge wurde 1920 vermutlich nicht ein Versuchsstollen auf die Krandorfer Blei-Quarzgänge (Grube Krandorf) angesetzt, sondern aus dem Bereich ein Versuchsstollen Richtung der später so genannten Quarz-Flussspatgänge der Hudelschächte vorgetrieben. Sowohl die Gänge der Grube Max als auch der Hudelschächte gerieten danach in Vergessenheit.

Interessant in diesem Zusammenhang waren mehrere Gespräche mit Betriebsangehörigen der Grube Max und Einwohnern der Orte Krandorf und Wundsheim, in denen davon berichtet wurde, dass in früheren Jahren, also vor Inbetriebnahme der Grube Max, bei Waldarbeiten Flussspat aufgefunden wurde. Dieser Hinweis deckt sich mit der Gegebenheit, dass der Flussspat der Grube Max im Nordwesten an der Tagesoberfläche ausbeißt, hier wurde 1952 ein Tagebau angelegt. Weiterhin enden der Gang 1 und der Gang 2 der Grube Max untertägig im Nordwesten abrupt an eine Störung. Die Gänge fand man dahinter auch nicht mehr wieder, was nicht heißt ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Kommer
Die Gänge der später so ge­nan­n­ten Grube Max sind ver­mut­lich bere­its um 1916-1920 aufge­fun­den wor­den. Eine Zeit in der ver­stärkt nach Flusss­pat­gän­gen im Wölsen­dor­fer Raum ge­sucht wurde. Nord­west­lich der Maxgänge wurde 1920 ver­mut­lich nicht ein Ver­suchss­tollen auf die Kran­dor­fer Blei-Quarzgänge (Grube ... moreDie Gänge der später so genannten Grube Max sind vermutlich bereits um 1916-1920 aufgefunden worden. Eine Zeit in der verstärkt nach Flussspatgängen im Wölsendorfer Raum gesucht wurde. Nordwestlich der Maxgänge wurde 1920 vermutlich nicht ein Versuchsstollen auf die Krandorfer Blei-Quarzgänge (Grube Krandorf) angesetzt, sondern aus dem Bereich ein Versuchsstollen Richtung der später so genannten Quarz-Flussspatgänge der Hudelschächte vorgetrieben. Sowohl die Gänge der Grube Max als auch der Hudelschächte gerieten danach in Vergessenheit.

Interessant in diesem Zusammenhang waren mehrere Gespräche mit Betriebsangehörigen der Grube Max und Einwohnern der Orte Krandorf und Wundsheim, in denen davon berichtet wurde, dass in früheren Jahren, also vor Inbetriebnahme der Grube Max, bei Waldarbeiten Flussspat aufgefunden wurde. Dieser Hinweis deckt sich mit der Gegebenheit, dass der Flussspat der Grube Max im Nordwesten an der Tagesoberfläche ausbeißt, hier wurde 1952 ein Tagebau angelegt. Weiterhin enden der Gang 1 und der Gang 2 der Grube Max untertägig im Nordwesten abrupt an eine Störung. Die Gänge fand man dahinter auch nicht mehr wieder, was nicht heißt ... Ein Beitrag von Michael Kommer
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Ge­o­log­i­cal Por­trait - The AlpsThe Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately 1,200 km across eight Alpine countries from Austria and Slovenia in the east, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, and France to the west, and Italy and Monaco to the south. The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia. The Alps were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 m known as the "four-thousanders".
The Alps are the high­est and most ex­ten­sive moun­tain range sys­tem that lies en­tire­ly in Eu­rope, stretch­ing ap­prox­i­mate­ly 1,200 km across eight Alpine coun­tries from Aus­tria and Slove­nia in the east, Switz­er­land, Liecht­en­stein, Ger­many, and France to the west, and Ita­ly and Mo­na­co to the south. The ... moreThe Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately 1,200 km across eight Alpine countries from Austria and Slovenia in the east, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, and France to the west, and Italy and Monaco to the south. The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia. The Alps were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 m known as the "four-thousanders".
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In­di­ca­tor stoneA Scandinavian indicator stone is a glacial erratic composed of a characteristic rock type derived from a small known source area in Scandinavia. This term not only applies to igneous and metamorphic rocks but also to some sedimentary rocks. The Jotnian Sandstone and most of the Palaeozoic limestones, and the Old Red Sandstone are not included in the definition, although the presence of these and other rocks provide some evidence about the source area(s) of erratics and should certainly not be neglected in a stone count. In all cases we recommend including the whole assemblage of erratics/stones in such account. This makes it possible to use several methods of Interpretation. However, it should be pointed out that the practise used in the past, whereby each researcher had her/his own method of interpreting stone counts, has proved to be unsatisfactory. We demonstrate on the bases of over 2000 counts of indicator stones that we have carried out on assemblages mostly from Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein, but also from other N.German states and neighbouring countries, that the TGZ method (LÜTTIG 1958) yields the most reliable results. In addition to this method, the sources of individual indicator stones may be plotted on a so-called circle map and can be integrated with possible source data and the relative frequencies of other erratics in the assemblage. Some rock types are more suitable as indicator stones then others. It is unwise to use clearly unsuitable rock types; this would considerably reduce the reliability of the method and lead to erroneous results.
A Scan­di­na­vian in­di­ca­tor stone is a gla­cial er­rat­ic com­posed of a char­ac­teris­tic rock type de­rived from a small known source area in Scan­di­navia. This term not on­ly ap­plies to ig­neous and me­ta­mor­ph­ic rocks but al­so to some sed­i­men­tary rocks. The Jot­nian Sand­s­tone and most of the Palaeo­zoic lime­s­tone ... moreA Scandinavian indicator stone is a glacial erratic composed of a characteristic rock type derived from a small known source area in Scandinavia. This term not only applies to igneous and metamorphic rocks but also to some sedimentary rocks. The Jotnian Sandstone and most of the Palaeozoic limestones, and the Old Red Sandstone are not included in the definition, although the presence of these and other rocks provide some evidence about the source area(s) of erratics and should certainly not be neglected in a stone count. In all cases we recommend including the whole assemblage of erratics/stones in such account. This makes it possible to use several methods of Interpretation. However, it should be pointed out that the practise used in the past, whereby each researcher had her/his own method of interpreting stone counts, has proved to be unsatisfactory. We demonstrate on the bases of over 2000 counts of indicator stones that we have carried out on assemblages mostly from Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein, but also from other N.German states and neighbouring countries, that the TGZ method (LÜTTIG 1958) yields the most reliable results. In addition to this method, the sources of individual indicator stones may be plotted on a so-called circle map and can be integrated with possible source data and the relative frequencies of other erratics in the assemblage. Some rock types are more suitable as indicator stones then others. It is unwise to use clearly unsuitable rock types; this would considerably reduce the reliability of the method and lead to erroneous results.
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Red lay­erIn 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between two calcareous sediments and showed a different fossil record , which to a mass extinction ( faunal ) hinted .

While further analysis Alvarez noted a high iridium concentrations; a typical ... An article by Peter Seroka (written in german)
In 1978 the US - Amer­i­can ge­ol­o­gist Wal­ter Al­varez gained a nar­row pat­tern red clay in the Italian Apen­nines and cer­tain age th­ese sam­ples to ap­prox­i­mate­ly 65 mil­lion years , ie at the end of the Cre­ta­ceous pe­ri­od and the be­gin­n­ing of the Ter­tiary pe­ri­od. This very thin lime- clay lay­er lies be­tween ... moreIn 1978 the US - American geologist Walter Alvarez gained a narrow pattern red clay in the Italian Apennines and certain age these samples to approximately 65 million years , ie at the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period. This very thin lime- clay layer lies between two calcareous sediments and showed a different fossil record , which to a mass extinction ( faunal ) hinted .

While further analysis Alvarez noted a high iridium concentrations; a typical ... An article by Peter Seroka (written in german)
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TwinsThe study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at a very early stage of crystal growing. Based on these findings, it does beg the request to reconsider the formation mechanisms, and adjacency to the newly different categories. (Text in german)
The study of twins starts due to the very first be­gin­n­ings of crys­tal­log­ra­phy as a sci­ence. Not neg­li­gi­ble for this rea­son, the idea or the con­cept of a twin crys­tal are of­ten as­so­ci­at­ed with a macro­s­cop­ic build­ing. Mod­ern studies at the nano scale have shown that the for­ma­tion of twins can oc­cur at ... moreThe study of twins starts due to the very first beginnings of crystallography as a science. Not negligible for this reason, the idea or the concept of a twin crystal are often associated with a macroscopic building. Modern studies at the nano scale have shown that the formation of twins can occur at a very early stage of crystal growing. Based on these findings, it does beg the request to reconsider the formation mechanisms, and adjacency to the newly different categories. (Text in german)
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